Add escaped backslash

src/ast.h

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ namespace AST {
         virtual codegen::StackValue codegen(codegen::Builder& builder, codegen::Scope& scope) = 0;
         virtual std::shared_ptr<types::Type> get_codegen_type(codegen::Scope& scope) = 0;
         virtual void typecheck_preprocess(typecheck::Scope& scope) = 0;
-        virtual std::shared_ptr<types::Type> typecheck(
+        virtual typecheck::ExpressionType typecheck(
             typecheck::State& state,
             typecheck::Scope& scope,
             std::optional<std::shared_ptr<types::Type>> expected_ty
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ namespace AST {
             : Expression{ meta }
             , m_value{ value }
             , m_ty{ { std::shared_ptr<types::Type>{
-                new types::FundamentalType{types::FundamentalTypeKind::Int}
+                new types::FundamentalType{true, types::FundamentalTypeKind::Int}
             } } } {
         }
         virtual ~IntLiteralExpression() override = default;
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ namespace AST {
         virtual codegen::StackValue codegen(codegen::Builder& builder, codegen::Scope& scope) override;
         virtual std::shared_ptr<types::Type> get_codegen_type(codegen::Scope& scope) override;
         virtual void typecheck_preprocess(typecheck::Scope& scope) override;
-        virtual std::shared_ptr<types::Type> typecheck(
+        virtual typecheck::ExpressionType typecheck(
             typecheck::State& state,
             typecheck::Scope& scope,
             std::optional<std::shared_ptr<types::Type>> expected_ty
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ namespace AST {
         virtual codegen::StackValue codegen(codegen::Builder& builder, codegen::Scope& scope) override;
         virtual std::shared_ptr<types::Type> get_codegen_type(codegen::Scope& scope) override;
         virtual void typecheck_preprocess(typecheck::Scope& scope) override;
-        virtual std::shared_ptr<types::Type> typecheck(
+        virtual typecheck::ExpressionType typecheck(
             typecheck::State& state,
             typecheck::Scope& scope,
             std::optional<std::shared_ptr<types::Type>> expected_ty
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ namespace AST {
         virtual codegen::StackValue codegen(codegen::Builder& builder, codegen::Scope& scope) override;
         virtual std::shared_ptr<types::Type> get_codegen_type(codegen::Scope& scope) override;
         virtual void typecheck_preprocess(typecheck::Scope& scope) override;
-        virtual std::shared_ptr<types::Type> typecheck(
+        virtual typecheck::ExpressionType typecheck(
             typecheck::State& state,
             typecheck::Scope& scope,
             std::optional<std::shared_ptr<types::Type>> expected_ty
@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ namespace AST {
         virtual codegen::StackValue codegen(codegen::Builder& builder, codegen::Scope& scope) override;
         virtual std::shared_ptr<types::Type> get_codegen_type(codegen::Scope& scope) override;
         virtual void typecheck_preprocess(typecheck::Scope& scope) override;
-        virtual std::shared_ptr<types::Type> typecheck(
+        virtual typecheck::ExpressionType typecheck(
             typecheck::State& state,
             typecheck::Scope& scope,
             std::optional<std::shared_ptr<types::Type>> expected_ty
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ namespace AST {
         virtual codegen::StackValue codegen(codegen::Builder& builder, codegen::Scope& scope) override;
         virtual std::shared_ptr<types::Type> get_codegen_type(codegen::Scope& scope) override;
         virtual void typecheck_preprocess(typecheck::Scope& scope) override;
-        virtual std::shared_ptr<types::Type> typecheck(
+        virtual typecheck::ExpressionType typecheck(
             typecheck::State& state,
             typecheck::Scope& scope,
             std::optional<std::shared_ptr<types::Type>> expected_ty
@@ -177,7 +177,7 @@ namespace AST {
         virtual codegen::StackValue codegen(codegen::Builder& builder, codegen::Scope& scope) override;
         virtual std::shared_ptr<types::Type> get_codegen_type(codegen::Scope& scope) override;
         virtual void typecheck_preprocess(typecheck::Scope& scope) override;
-        virtual std::shared_ptr<types::Type> typecheck(
+        virtual typecheck::ExpressionType typecheck(
             typecheck::State& state,
             typecheck::Scope& scope,
             std::optional<std::shared_ptr<types::Type>> expected_ty
@@ -200,7 +200,7 @@ namespace AST {
         virtual codegen::StackValue codegen(codegen::Builder& builder, codegen::Scope& scope) override;
         virtual std::shared_ptr<types::Type> get_codegen_type(codegen::Scope& scope) override;
         virtual void typecheck_preprocess(typecheck::Scope& scope) override;
-        virtual std::shared_ptr<types::Type> typecheck(
+        virtual typecheck::ExpressionType typecheck(
             typecheck::State& state,
             typecheck::Scope& scope,
             std::optional<std::shared_ptr<types::Type>> expected_ty
@@ -223,7 +223,7 @@ namespace AST {
         virtual codegen::StackValue codegen(codegen::Builder& builder, codegen::Scope& scope) override;
         virtual std::shared_ptr<types::Type> get_codegen_type(codegen::Scope& scope) override;
         virtual void typecheck_preprocess(typecheck::Scope& scope) override;
-        virtual std::shared_ptr<types::Type> typecheck(
+        virtual typecheck::ExpressionType typecheck(
             typecheck::State& state,
             typecheck::Scope& scope,
             std::optional<std::shared_ptr<types::Type>> expected_ty
@@ -249,7 +249,7 @@ namespace AST {
         virtual codegen::StackValue codegen(codegen::Builder& builder, codegen::Scope& scope) override;
         virtual std::shared_ptr<types::Type> get_codegen_type(codegen::Scope& scope) override;
         virtual void typecheck_preprocess(typecheck::Scope& scope) override;
-        virtual std::shared_ptr<types::Type> typecheck(
+        virtual typecheck::ExpressionType typecheck(
             typecheck::State& state,
             typecheck::Scope& scope,
             std::optional<std::shared_ptr<types::Type>> expected_ty
@@ -275,7 +275,7 @@ namespace AST {
         virtual codegen::StackValue codegen(codegen::Builder& builder, codegen::Scope& scope) override;
         virtual std::shared_ptr<types::Type> get_codegen_type(codegen::Scope& scope) override;
         virtual void typecheck_preprocess(typecheck::Scope& scope) override;
-        virtual std::shared_ptr<types::Type> typecheck(
+        virtual typecheck::ExpressionType typecheck(
             typecheck::State& state,
             typecheck::Scope& scope,
             std::optional<std::shared_ptr<types::Type>> expected_ty
@@ -301,7 +301,7 @@ namespace AST {
         virtual codegen::StackValue codegen(codegen::Builder& builder, codegen::Scope& scope) override;
         virtual std::shared_ptr<types::Type> get_codegen_type(codegen::Scope& scope) override;
         virtual void typecheck_preprocess(typecheck::Scope& scope) override;
-        virtual std::shared_ptr<types::Type> typecheck(
+        virtual typecheck::ExpressionType typecheck(
             typecheck::State& state,
             typecheck::Scope& scope,
             std::optional<std::shared_ptr<types::Type>> expected_ty

src/binops.cpp

@@ -6,11 +6,11 @@ namespace types {
         std::vector<BinopDefinition> definitions{};
 
         auto int_ty = std::shared_ptr<types::Type>{
-            new types::FundamentalType{ types::FundamentalTypeKind::Int } };
+            new types::FundamentalType{ false, types::FundamentalTypeKind::Int } };
         auto char_ty = std::shared_ptr<types::Type>{
-            new types::FundamentalType{ types::FundamentalTypeKind::Char } };
+            new types::FundamentalType{ false, types::FundamentalTypeKind::Char } };
         auto bool_ty = std::shared_ptr<types::Type>{
-            new types::FundamentalType{ types::FundamentalTypeKind::Bool } };
+            new types::FundamentalType{ false, types::FundamentalTypeKind::Bool } };
 
         // Integer arithmetic binops
         for (auto& ty : { int_ty, char_ty, bool_ty }) {
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ namespace types {
                 },
                 [](BinopDefinition&, std::shared_ptr<types::Type>, std::shared_ptr<types::Type>) {
                     return std::shared_ptr<types::Type>{
-                        new types::FundamentalType{ types::FundamentalTypeKind::Bool } };
+                        new types::FundamentalType{ false, types::FundamentalTypeKind::Bool } };
                 }
                 });
 
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ namespace types {
                 },
                 [](BinopDefinition&, std::shared_ptr<types::Type>, std::shared_ptr<types::Type>) {
                     return std::shared_ptr<types::Type>{
-                        new types::FundamentalType{ types::FundamentalTypeKind::Bool } };
+                        new types::FundamentalType{ false, types::FundamentalTypeKind::Bool } };
                 }
                 });
         }
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ namespace types {
                 },
                 [](BinopDefinition&, std::shared_ptr<types::Type>, std::shared_ptr<types::Type>) {
                     return std::shared_ptr<types::Type>{
-                        new types::FundamentalType{ types::FundamentalTypeKind::Bool } };
+                        new types::FundamentalType{ false, types::FundamentalTypeKind::Bool } };
                 }
                 });
 
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ namespace types {
                 },
                 [](BinopDefinition&, std::shared_ptr<types::Type>, std::shared_ptr<types::Type>) {
                     return std::shared_ptr<types::Type>{
-                        new types::FundamentalType{ types::FundamentalTypeKind::Bool } };
+                        new types::FundamentalType{ false, types::FundamentalTypeKind::Bool } };
                 }
                 });
         }

src/casting.cpp

@@ -7,11 +7,11 @@ namespace types {
         std::vector<CastDefinition> casts{};
 
         auto int_ty = std::shared_ptr<Type>{
-            new FundamentalType{ FundamentalTypeKind::Int } };
+            new FundamentalType{ false, FundamentalTypeKind::Int } };
         auto char_ty = std::shared_ptr<Type>{
-            new FundamentalType{ FundamentalTypeKind::Char } };
+            new FundamentalType{ false, FundamentalTypeKind::Char } };
         auto bool_ty = std::shared_ptr<Type>{
-            new FundamentalType{ FundamentalTypeKind::Bool } };
+            new FundamentalType{ false, FundamentalTypeKind::Bool } };
 
         auto numerical_types = { int_ty, char_ty, bool_ty };
 

src/codegen.cpp

@@ -31,16 +31,18 @@ namespace AST {
 
     std::shared_ptr<types::Type> StringLiteralExpression::get_codegen_type(codegen::Scope&) {
         auto stack_type = new types::ArrayType{
-            std::make_unique<types::FundamentalType>(types::FundamentalTypeKind::Char),
-            static_cast<uint32_t>(this->m_value.size()) + 1
+            std::make_shared<types::FundamentalType>(true, types::FundamentalTypeKind::Char),
+            static_cast<uint32_t>(this->m_value.size()) + 1,
+            true
         };
         return std::shared_ptr<types::Type> {stack_type};
     }
 
     codegen::StackValue StringLiteralExpression::codegen(codegen::Builder& builder, codegen::Scope& scope) {
         auto stack_type = new types::ArrayType{
-            std::make_unique<types::FundamentalType>(types::FundamentalTypeKind::Char),
-            static_cast<uint32_t>(this->m_value.size()) + 1
+            std::make_shared<types::FundamentalType>(true, types::FundamentalTypeKind::Char),
+            static_cast<uint32_t>(this->m_value.size()) + 1,
+            true
         };
 
         auto str = llvm::StringRef{ this->m_value.c_str() };
@@ -50,7 +52,7 @@ namespace AST {
             return codegen::StackValue{
                 global_str,
                 std::unique_ptr<types::Type>{
-                    new types::PointerType { std::shared_ptr<types::Type> {stack_type } }
+                    new types::PointerType { false, std::shared_ptr<types::Type> {stack_type } }
                 },
             };
         }
@@ -203,7 +205,7 @@ namespace AST {
 
     std::shared_ptr<types::Type> RefExpression::get_codegen_type(codegen::Scope& scope) {
         return std::shared_ptr<types::Type> {
-            new types::PointerType{ this->m_expr->get_codegen_type(scope) }
+            new types::PointerType{ false, this->m_expr->get_codegen_type(scope) }
         };
     }
 
@@ -264,58 +266,38 @@ namespace AST {
         if (value.ty->m_kind == types::TypeKind::Pointer) {
             auto ptr_ty = dynamic_cast<types::PointerType*>(value.ty.get());
 
-            if (ptr_ty->m_inner->m_kind == types::TypeKind::Pointer) {
-                auto inner_ptr_ty = dynamic_cast<types::PointerType*>(ptr_ty->m_inner.get());
+            auto gep_value = builder.builder->CreateGEP(ptr_ty->m_inner->codegen(builder, scope.structs), value.value, idx_list, "GEP");
 
-                auto gep_value = builder.builder->CreateGEP(inner_ptr_ty->m_inner->codegen(builder, scope.structs), value.value, idx_list, "GEP");
-                if (scope.is_lvalue) {
-                    return codegen::StackValue{
-                        gep_value,
-                        value.ty,
-                    };
-                }
-                else {
-                    auto loaded = value.ty->load(builder, gep_value, scope.structs);
-                    return codegen::StackValue{
-                        loaded.first,
-                        loaded.second
-                    };
-                }
+            auto loaded = value.ty->load(builder, gep_value, scope.structs);
+            return codegen::StackValue{
+                loaded.first,
+                loaded.second
+            };
+        }
+        else if (value.ty->m_kind == types::TypeKind::Array) {
+            auto array_ty = dynamic_cast<types::ArrayType*>(value.ty.get());
+            if (array_ty->m_raw) {
+                throw CompileError("Tried indexing a raw array", this->m_meta);
             }
-            else if (ptr_ty->m_inner->m_kind == types::TypeKind::Array) {
-                // Must be an array otherwise
-                auto arr_ty = dynamic_cast<types::ArrayType*>(ptr_ty->m_inner.get());
-                auto gep_value = builder.builder->CreateGEP(arr_ty->m_inner->codegen(builder, scope.structs), value.value, idx_list, "GEP");
-                if (scope.is_lvalue) {
-                    return codegen::StackValue{
-                        gep_value,
-                        value.ty,
-                    };
-                }
-                else {
-                    auto inner_ptr_ty = types::PointerType{ arr_ty->m_inner };
-                    auto loaded = inner_ptr_ty.load(builder, gep_value, scope.structs);
-                    return codegen::StackValue{
-                        loaded.first,
-                        loaded.second
-                    };
-                }
+
+            auto gep_value = builder.builder->CreateGEP(array_ty->m_inner->codegen(builder, scope.structs), value.value, idx_list, "GEP");
+
+            auto ptr_ty = std::shared_ptr<types::Type>{
+                new types::PointerType { array_ty->m_inner->m_const, array_ty->m_inner}
+            };
+
+            if (scope.is_lvalue) {
+                return codegen::StackValue{
+                    gep_value,
+                    ptr_ty,
+                };
             }
             else {
-                auto gep_value = builder.builder->CreateGEP(ptr_ty->m_inner->codegen(builder, scope.structs), value.value, idx_list, "GEP");
-                if (scope.is_lvalue) {
-                    return codegen::StackValue{
-                        gep_value,
-                        value.ty,
-                    };
-                }
-                else {
-                    auto loaded = value.ty->load(builder, gep_value, scope.structs);
-                    return codegen::StackValue{
-                        loaded.first,
-                        loaded.second
-                    };
-                }
+                auto loaded = ptr_ty->load(builder, gep_value, scope.structs);
+                return codegen::StackValue{
+                    loaded.first,
+                    loaded.second
+                };
             }
         }
 
@@ -365,7 +347,7 @@ namespace AST {
                     ptr_ty->m_inner->codegen(builder, scope.structs), struct_ptr.value, idx);
 
                 auto ptr_ty = std::shared_ptr<types::Type>{
-                    new types::PointerType { field_ty }
+                    new types::PointerType { field_ty->m_const, field_ty }
                 };
 
                 if (scope.is_lvalue) {
@@ -410,7 +392,7 @@ namespace AST {
             }
 
             auto ptr_ty = std::shared_ptr<types::Type>{
-                new types::PointerType{this->m_ty}
+                new types::PointerType{this->m_ty->m_const, this->m_ty}
             };
 
             if (scope.is_lvalue) {
@@ -434,7 +416,7 @@ namespace AST {
             }
 
             auto ptr_ty = std::shared_ptr<types::Type>{
-                new types::PointerType{this->m_ty}
+                new types::PointerType{this->m_ty->m_const, this->m_ty}
             };
 
             if (scope.is_lvalue) {
@@ -476,6 +458,22 @@ namespace AST {
 
         builder.builder->SetInsertPoint(builder.block);
 
+        if (this->m_type->m_kind == types::TypeKind::Array) {
+            auto array_ty = dynamic_cast<types::ArrayType*>(this->m_type.get());
+            if (!array_ty->m_raw) {
+                auto raw_ty = types::ArrayType{ array_ty->m_inner, array_ty->m_size, true };
+                auto raw_llvm_ty = raw_ty.codegen(builder, scope.structs);
+                auto ptr = builder.builder->CreateAlloca(raw_llvm_ty);
+                if (this->m_expr.has_value()) {
+                    auto value = this->m_expr->get()->codegen(builder, scope);
+                    builder.builder->CreateStore(value.value, ptr, false);
+                }
+
+                scope.values[this->m_name] = codegen::StackValue{ ptr, this->m_type };
+                return;
+            }
+        }
+
         auto ty = this->m_type->codegen(builder, scope.structs);
         auto ptr = builder.builder->CreateAlloca(ty);
         if (this->m_expr.has_value()) {
@@ -483,7 +481,9 @@ namespace AST {
             builder.builder->CreateStore(value.value, ptr, false);
         }
 
-        auto ptr_ty = std::shared_ptr<types::Type>{ new types::PointerType{ this->m_type } };
+        auto ptr_ty = std::shared_ptr<types::Type>{
+             new types::PointerType{ this->m_type->m_const, this->m_type }
+        };
 
         scope.values[this->m_name] = codegen::StackValue{ ptr, ptr_ty };
     }
@@ -532,7 +532,9 @@ namespace AST {
             param_ty_ptrs.push_back(param.second);
         }
 
-        auto fn_ty_ptr = std::shared_ptr<types::Type>{ new types::FunctionType{ ret_ty_ptr, param_ty_ptrs, this->m_is_vararg } };
+        auto fn_ty_ptr = std::shared_ptr<types::Type>{
+            new types::FunctionType{ true, ret_ty_ptr, param_ty_ptrs, this->m_is_vararg }
+        };
 
         auto fn_ty = fn_ty_ptr->codegen(builder, scope.structs);
         auto function = llvm::Function::Create(
@@ -552,32 +554,34 @@ namespace AST {
 
             int counter = 0;
             for (auto& param : this->m_params) {
-                if (param.second->m_kind == types::TypeKind::Pointer) {
-                    auto ty = param_ty_ptrs[counter];
-                    auto arg = function->getArg(counter++);
-                    if (param.first) {
-                        arg->setName(*param.first);
-                        inner_scope.values[*param.first] = codegen::StackValue{
-                            arg,
-                            ty,
-                        };
+                if (param.second->m_kind == types::TypeKind::Array) {
+                    auto array_ty = dynamic_cast<types::ArrayType*>(param.second.get());
+                    if (!array_ty->m_raw) {
+                        auto ty = param_ty_ptrs[counter];
+                        auto arg = function->getArg(counter++);
+                        if (param.first) {
+                            arg->setName(*param.first);
+                            inner_scope.values[*param.first] = codegen::StackValue{
+                                arg,
+                                ty,
+                            };
+                        }
+                        continue;
                     }
                 }
-                else {
-                    builder.builder->SetInsertPoint(BB);
-                    auto arg_ptr = builder.builder->CreateAlloca(param_ty_ptrs[counter]->codegen(builder, scope.structs));
-                    auto param_ty_ptr = std::shared_ptr<types::Type>{
-                        new types::PointerType { param_ty_ptrs[counter]}
+                builder.builder->SetInsertPoint(BB);
+                auto arg_ptr = builder.builder->CreateAlloca(param_ty_ptrs[counter]->codegen(builder, scope.structs));
+                auto param_ty_ptr = std::shared_ptr<types::Type>{
+                    new types::PointerType { true, param_ty_ptrs[counter]}
+                };
+                auto arg = function->getArg(counter++);
+                builder.builder->CreateStore(arg, arg_ptr);
+                if (param.first) {
+                    arg->setName(*param.first);
+                    inner_scope.values[*param.first] = codegen::StackValue{
+                        arg_ptr,
+                        param_ty_ptr,
                     };
-                    auto arg = function->getArg(counter++);
-                    builder.builder->CreateStore(arg, arg_ptr);
-                    if (param.first) {
-                        arg->setName(*param.first);
-                        inner_scope.values[*param.first] = codegen::StackValue{
-                            arg_ptr,
-                            param_ty_ptr,
-                        };
-                    }
                 }
             }
 
@@ -637,7 +641,9 @@ namespace types {
     }
 
     llvm::Type* ArrayType::codegen(codegen::Builder& builder, codegen::TypeMap& structs) {
-        return llvm::ArrayType::get(this->m_inner->codegen(builder, structs), this->m_size);
+        if (this->m_raw)
+            return llvm::ArrayType::get(this->m_inner->codegen(builder, structs), this->m_size);
+        return llvm::PointerType::get(*builder.context, 0);
     }
 
     llvm::Type* StructType::codegen(codegen::Builder& builder, codegen::TypeMap& structs) {

src/parsing.cpp

@@ -12,6 +12,12 @@ namespace parsing {
         Result<std::shared_ptr<types::Type>, std::string> parse_type(token::TokenStream& stream, Scope& scope) {
             token::TokenStream inner{ stream };
             try {
+                bool is_const = false;
+                if (inner.peek().type == token::Type::Ident && inner.peek().content == "const") {
+                    is_const = true;
+                    inner.next();
+                }
+
                 auto token = inner.expect(token::Type::Ident);
 
                 std::shared_ptr<types::Type> returned{};
@@ -56,7 +62,14 @@ namespace parsing {
                     if (struct_name && !maybe_fields && scope.structs.find(*struct_name) != scope.structs.end()) {
                         auto original_ty = scope.structs[*struct_name];
                         auto original_struct_ty = dynamic_cast<types::StructType*>(original_ty.get());
-                        auto ty = new types::StructType{ struct_name, original_struct_ty->m_fields, true, false, original_struct_ty->m_id };
+                        auto ty = new types::StructType{
+                            is_const,
+                            struct_name,
+                            original_struct_ty->m_fields,
+                            true,
+                            false,
+                            original_struct_ty->m_id
+                        };
                         returned = std::shared_ptr<types::Type>{ ty };
                     }
                     else {
@@ -64,16 +77,37 @@ namespace parsing {
                             auto original_ty = scope.structs[*struct_name];
                             auto original_struct_ty = dynamic_cast<types::StructType*>(original_ty.get());
                             if (!original_struct_ty->m_fields.has_value()) {
-                                auto ty = new types::StructType{ struct_name, maybe_fields, false, true, original_struct_ty->m_id };
+                                auto ty = new types::StructType{
+                                    is_const,
+                                    struct_name,
+                                    maybe_fields,
+                                    false,
+                                    true,
+                                    original_struct_ty->m_id
+                                };
                                 returned = std::shared_ptr<types::Type>{ ty };
                             }
                             else {
-                                auto ty = new types::StructType{ struct_name, maybe_fields, false, false, struct_id_counter++ };
+                                auto ty = new types::StructType{
+                                    is_const,
+                                    struct_name,
+                                    maybe_fields,
+                                    false,
+                                    false,
+                                    struct_id_counter++
+                                };
                                 returned = std::shared_ptr<types::Type>{ ty };
                             }
                         }
                         else {
-                            auto ty = new types::StructType{ struct_name, maybe_fields, false, false, struct_id_counter++ };
+                            auto ty = new types::StructType{
+                                is_const,
+                                struct_name,
+                                maybe_fields,
+                                false,
+                                false,
+                                struct_id_counter++
+                            };
                             returned = std::shared_ptr<types::Type>{ ty };
                         }
                     }
@@ -83,15 +117,15 @@ namespace parsing {
                     std::string type_name = token.content;
 
                     if (type_name == "int") {
-                        auto ty = new types::FundamentalType{ types::FundamentalTypeKind::Int };
+                        auto ty = new types::FundamentalType{ is_const, types::FundamentalTypeKind::Int };
                         returned = std::shared_ptr<types::Type>{ ty };
                     }
                     else if (type_name == "char") {
-                        auto ty = new types::FundamentalType{ types::FundamentalTypeKind::Char };
+                        auto ty = new types::FundamentalType{ is_const, types::FundamentalTypeKind::Char };
                         returned = std::shared_ptr<types::Type>{ ty };
                     }
                     else if (type_name == "void") {
-                        auto ty = new types::FundamentalType{ types::FundamentalTypeKind::Void };
+                        auto ty = new types::FundamentalType{ is_const, types::FundamentalTypeKind::Void };
                         returned = std::shared_ptr<types::Type>{ ty };
                     }
                     else {
@@ -101,7 +135,12 @@ namespace parsing {
 
                 while (inner.peek().type == token::Type::Symbol && inner.peek().content == "*") {
                     inner.next();
-                    auto ty = new types::PointerType{ std::move(returned) };
+                    auto ptr_const = false;
+                    if (inner.peek().type == token::Type::Ident && inner.peek().content == "const") {
+                        inner.next();
+                        ptr_const = true;
+                    }
+                    auto ty = new types::PointerType{ ptr_const, std::move(returned) };
                     returned = std::shared_ptr<types::Type>{ ty };
                 }
 
@@ -162,7 +201,7 @@ namespace parsing {
                         before_meta + inner.metadata(),
                         std::move(expressions),
                         std::shared_ptr<types::Type> {
-                        new types::FundamentalType{ types::FundamentalTypeKind::Any }
+                        new types::FundamentalType{ true, types::FundamentalTypeKind::Any }
                     })
                 };
             }
@@ -390,16 +429,9 @@ namespace parsing {
                 auto array_postfix = parse_array_postfix(inner, false, scope);
                 while (array_postfix.ok()) {
                     auto postfix = array_postfix.unwrap();
-                    if (postfix) {
-                        ty = std::shared_ptr<types::Type>{
-                            new types::ArrayType(ty, *postfix)
-                        };
-                    }
-                    else {
-                        ty = std::shared_ptr<types::Type>{
-                            new types::PointerType(ty)
-                        };
-                    }
+                    ty = std::shared_ptr<types::Type>{
+                        new types::ArrayType(ty, *postfix, false)
+                    };
                     array_postfix = parse_array_postfix(inner, false, scope);
                 }
 
@@ -511,12 +543,12 @@ namespace parsing {
                         auto array_postfix = postfix.unwrap();
                         if (array_postfix) {
                             param_ty = std::shared_ptr<types::Type>{
-                                new types::PointerType(param_ty)
+                                new types::ArrayType(param_ty, *array_postfix, false)
                             };
                         }
                         else {
                             param_ty = std::shared_ptr<types::Type>{
-                                new types::PointerType(param_ty)
+                                new types::PointerType(true, param_ty)
                             };
                         }
                         postfix = parse_array_postfix(inner, true, scope);

src/tokens.cpp

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 #include <vector>
 #include <iostream>
 #include <sstream>
-
+#include <optional>
 
 static bool iswhitespace(char& character) {
     return character == ' '
@@ -14,6 +14,33 @@ static bool iswhitespace(char& character) {
         || character == '\r';
 }
 
+static std::optional<char> get_escaped(std::string_view inspected) {
+    if (inspected == "n")
+        return '\n';
+    if (inspected == "r")
+        return '\r';
+    if (inspected == "t")
+        return '\t';
+    if (inspected == "\\")
+        return '\\';
+    if (inspected.size() <= 3) {
+        for (char c : inspected) {
+            std::cout << c << std::endl;
+            if (!std::isdigit(c))
+                return {};
+            if (std::stoi(std::string{ c }) > 8)
+                return {};
+        }
+        unsigned int x;
+        std::stringstream ss;
+        ss << std::oct << inspected;
+        ss >> x;
+
+        return static_cast<char>(x);
+    }
+    return {};
+}
+
 namespace token {
     std::string type_name(Type& type) {
         switch (type) {
@@ -152,9 +179,27 @@ namespace token {
                 std::string content{};
                 c = text[++i]; // Skip initial "
                 do {
-                    content += c;
-                    if ((i + 1) >= text_length) break;
-                    c = text[++i];
+                    if (c == '\\') {
+                        std::string escaped_content{};
+                        if ((i + 1) >= text_length) break;
+                        auto potential = get_escaped(escaped_content + text[++i]);
+                        while (potential.has_value() && (i + 1) < text_length) {
+                            escaped_content += text[i];
+                            potential = get_escaped(escaped_content + text[++i]);
+                        }
+                        if (escaped_content.size() > 0) {
+                            auto escaped = get_escaped(escaped_content);
+                            if (escaped.has_value())
+                                content += *escaped;
+                        }
+
+                        c = text[i];
+                    }
+                    else {
+                        content += c;
+                        if ((i + 1) >= text_length) break;
+                        c = text[++i];
+                    }
                 } while (c != '\"');
                 i++; // Skip second "
                 tokens.push_back(token::Token{ token::Type::LiteralStr, content, meta + (content.size() + 2) });

src/typechecker.cpp

@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ namespace AST {
         this->m_ty = refresh_type(scope, this->m_ty);
     }
 
-    std::shared_ptr<types::Type> IntLiteralExpression::typecheck(
+    typecheck::ExpressionType IntLiteralExpression::typecheck(
         typecheck::State&,
         typecheck::Scope&,
         std::optional<std::shared_ptr<types::Type>> expected_ty
@@ -125,38 +125,38 @@ namespace AST {
             }
         }
 
-        return this->m_ty;
+        return { this->m_ty, false, false };
     }
 
     void StringLiteralExpression::typecheck_preprocess(typecheck::Scope&) {}
 
-    std::shared_ptr<types::Type> StringLiteralExpression::typecheck(
+    typecheck::ExpressionType StringLiteralExpression::typecheck(
         typecheck::State&,
         typecheck::Scope&,
         std::optional<std::shared_ptr<types::Type>>
     ) {
         auto char_ty = std::shared_ptr<types::Type>{
-            new types::FundamentalType{ types::FundamentalTypeKind::Char }
+            new types::FundamentalType{ true, types::FundamentalTypeKind::Char }
         };
-        auto ptr_ty = new types::ArrayType{ char_ty, static_cast<uint32_t>(this->m_value.size()) + 1 };
-        return std::shared_ptr<types::Type>{ptr_ty};
+        auto ptr_ty = new types::ArrayType{ char_ty, static_cast<uint32_t>(this->m_value.size()) + 1, true };
+        return { std::shared_ptr<types::Type>{ptr_ty}, true, false };
     }
 
     void ValueReferenceExpression::typecheck_preprocess(typecheck::Scope&) {}
 
-    std::shared_ptr<types::Type> ValueReferenceExpression::typecheck(
+    typecheck::ExpressionType ValueReferenceExpression::typecheck(
         typecheck::State& state,
         typecheck::Scope& scope,
         std::optional<std::shared_ptr<types::Type>>
     ) {
         if (scope.symbols.find(this->m_name) != scope.symbols.end()) {
-            return scope.symbols[this->m_name];
+            return { scope.symbols[this->m_name], false, true };
         }
 
         state.errors.push_back(CompileError("Value " + this->m_name + " not defined", this->m_meta));
-        return std::shared_ptr<types::Type>{
-            new types::FundamentalType{ types::FundamentalTypeKind::Void }
-        };
+        return { std::shared_ptr<types::Type>{
+            new types::FundamentalType{ false, types::FundamentalTypeKind::Void }
+        }, false, true };
     }
 
     void BinaryOperationExpression::typecheck_preprocess(typecheck::Scope& scope) {
@@ -164,20 +164,28 @@ namespace AST {
         this->m_rhs->typecheck_preprocess(scope);
     }
 
-    std::shared_ptr<types::Type> BinaryOperationExpression::typecheck(
+    typecheck::ExpressionType BinaryOperationExpression::typecheck(
         typecheck::State& state,
         typecheck::Scope& scope,
         std::optional<std::shared_ptr<types::Type>> expected_ty
     ) {
-        auto lhs_ty = this->m_lhs->typecheck(state, scope, {});
-        auto rhs_ty = this->m_rhs->typecheck(state, scope, {});
+        auto lhs_res = this->m_lhs->typecheck(state, scope, {});
+        auto lhs_ty = lhs_res.type;
+        auto rhs_ty = this->m_rhs->typecheck(state, scope, {}).type;
 
         if (this->m_binop == types::BinOp::Assignment) {
+            if (!lhs_res.lvalue) {
+                state.errors.push_back(CompileError("Value must be a modifiable l-value", this->m_lhs->m_meta));
+            }
+            else if (lhs_ty->m_const) {
+                state.errors.push_back(CompileError("Value must be a modifiable l-value", this->m_lhs->m_meta));
+            }
+
             // Re-typecheck rhs to actually match lhs
-            auto rhs_ty = this->m_rhs->typecheck(state, scope, lhs_ty);
+            auto rhs_ty = this->m_rhs->typecheck(state, scope, lhs_ty).type;
             auto rhs_ty_res = check_type(state, rhs_ty, lhs_ty);
             this->m_rhs = handle_res(std::move(this->m_rhs), rhs_ty_res, state);
-            return lhs_ty;
+            return { lhs_ty, false, false };
         }
 
         // Try to find a binop that matches exactly
@@ -189,7 +197,7 @@ namespace AST {
         );
 
         if (binop) {
-            return binop->result(*binop, lhs_ty, rhs_ty);
+            return { binop->result(*binop, lhs_ty, rhs_ty), false, false };
         }
 
         // If that fails, try to find binop that matches on one side perfectly
@@ -209,7 +217,7 @@ namespace AST {
                     // Skip if not implicitly castable to lhs
                     continue;
                 this->m_rhs = handle_res(std::move(this->m_rhs), rhs_res, state);
-                return binop.result(binop, lhs_ty, rhs_ty);
+                return { binop.result(binop, lhs_ty, rhs_ty), false, false };
             }
             else if (types::types_equal(binop.rhs, rhs_ty)) {
                 auto lhs_res = check_type(state, lhs_ty, binop.lhs);
@@ -217,7 +225,7 @@ namespace AST {
                     // Skip if not implicitly castable to rhs
                     continue;
                 this->m_lhs = handle_res(std::move(this->m_lhs), lhs_res, state);
-                return binop.result(binop, lhs_ty, rhs_ty);
+                return { binop.result(binop, lhs_ty, rhs_ty), false, false };
             }
         }
 
@@ -235,7 +243,7 @@ namespace AST {
             auto rhs_result = check_type(state, rhs_ty, binop.rhs);
             this->m_lhs = handle_res(std::move(this->m_lhs), lhs_result, state);
             this->m_rhs = handle_res(std::move(this->m_rhs), lhs_result, state);
-            return binop.result(binop, lhs_ty, rhs_ty);
+            return { binop.result(binop, lhs_ty, rhs_ty), false, false };
         }
 
         // No suitable binops found :(
@@ -246,8 +254,8 @@ namespace AST {
             + rhs_ty->formatted(),
             this->m_meta));
 
-        return std::shared_ptr<types::Type>{
-            new types::FundamentalType{ types::FundamentalTypeKind::Void } };
+        return { std::shared_ptr<types::Type>{
+            new types::FundamentalType{ false, types::FundamentalTypeKind::Void } }, false, false };
     }
 
     void FunctionCallExpression::typecheck_preprocess(typecheck::Scope& scope) {
@@ -257,18 +265,18 @@ namespace AST {
         }
     }
 
-    std::shared_ptr<types::Type> FunctionCallExpression::typecheck(
+    typecheck::ExpressionType FunctionCallExpression::typecheck(
         typecheck::State& state,
         typecheck::Scope& scope,
         std::optional<std::shared_ptr<types::Type>>
     ) {
-        auto expr_ty = this->m_fn_expr->typecheck(state, scope, {});
+        auto expr_ty = this->m_fn_expr->typecheck(state, scope, {}).type;
 
         if (expr_ty->m_kind != types::TypeKind::Function) {
             state.errors.push_back(CompileError("Tried calling a non-function", this->m_meta));
-            return std::shared_ptr<types::Type> {
-                new types::FundamentalType{ types::FundamentalTypeKind::Void }
-            };
+            return { std::shared_ptr<types::Type> {
+                new types::FundamentalType{ false, types::FundamentalTypeKind::Void }
+            }, false, false };
         }
 
         auto fn_ty = dynamic_cast<types::FunctionType*>(expr_ty.get());
@@ -283,7 +291,7 @@ namespace AST {
             for (int i = 0; i < static_cast<int>(this->m_args.size()); i++) {
                 if (i < static_cast<int>(fn_ty->m_param_tys.size())) {
                     auto expected_param_ty = fn_ty->m_param_tys[i];
-                    auto param_ty = this->m_args[i]->typecheck(state, scope, expected_param_ty);
+                    auto param_ty = this->m_args[i]->typecheck(state, scope, expected_param_ty).type;
 
                     auto check_res = check_type(state, param_ty, expected_param_ty);
                     this->m_args[i] = handle_res(std::move(this->m_args[i]), check_res, state);
@@ -294,7 +302,7 @@ namespace AST {
             }
         }
 
-        return fn_ty->m_ret_ty;
+        return { fn_ty->m_ret_ty, false, false };
     }
 
     void CastExpression::typecheck_preprocess(typecheck::Scope& scope) {
@@ -302,127 +310,128 @@ namespace AST {
         this->m_expr->typecheck_preprocess(scope);
     }
 
-    std::shared_ptr<types::Type> CastExpression::typecheck(
+    typecheck::ExpressionType CastExpression::typecheck(
         typecheck::State& state,
         typecheck::Scope& scope,
         std::optional<std::shared_ptr<types::Type>>
     ) {
-        auto expr_ty = this->m_expr->typecheck(state, scope, {});
+        auto expr_ty = this->m_expr->typecheck(state, scope, {}).type;
         auto cast = types::find_cast(state.casts, expr_ty, this->m_ty);
         if (cast) {
-            return cast->target_ty;
+            return { cast->target_ty, false, false };
         }
         state.errors.push_back(CompileError("Cast from type "
             + expr_ty->formatted() + "to type " + this->m_ty->formatted()
             + " is not permitted", this->m_meta));
-        return std::shared_ptr<types::Type> { new types::FundamentalType{
+        return { std::shared_ptr<types::Type> { new types::FundamentalType{
+            false,
             types::FundamentalTypeKind::Void
-        } };
+        } }, false, false };
     }
 
     void RefExpression::typecheck_preprocess(typecheck::Scope& scope) {
         this->m_expr->typecheck_preprocess(scope);
     }
 
-    std::shared_ptr<types::Type> RefExpression::typecheck(
+    typecheck::ExpressionType RefExpression::typecheck(
         typecheck::State& state,
         typecheck::Scope& scope,
         std::optional<std::shared_ptr<types::Type>>
     ) {
-        auto expr_ty = this->m_expr->typecheck(state, scope, {});
-        return std::shared_ptr<types::Type> {
-            new types::PointerType{ expr_ty }
-        };
+        auto expr_ty = this->m_expr->typecheck(state, scope, {}).type;
+        return { std::shared_ptr<types::Type> {
+            new types::PointerType{ false, expr_ty }
+        }, false, false };
     }
 
     void DerefExpression::typecheck_preprocess(typecheck::Scope& scope) {
         this->m_expr->typecheck_preprocess(scope);
     }
 
-    std::shared_ptr<types::Type> DerefExpression::typecheck(
+    typecheck::ExpressionType DerefExpression::typecheck(
         typecheck::State& state,
         typecheck::Scope& scope,
         std::optional<std::shared_ptr<types::Type>>
     ) {
         auto expr_ty = this->m_expr->typecheck(state, scope, {});
-        if (expr_ty->m_kind != types::TypeKind::Pointer) {
+        if (expr_ty.type->m_kind != types::TypeKind::Pointer) {
             state.errors.push_back(
-                CompileError("Tried to deref " + expr_ty->formatted(), this->m_meta));
-            return std::shared_ptr<types::Type> {
-                new types::FundamentalType{ types::FundamentalTypeKind::Void }
-            };
+                CompileError("Tried to deref " + expr_ty.type->formatted(), this->m_meta));
+            return { std::shared_ptr<types::Type> {
+                new types::FundamentalType{ false, types::FundamentalTypeKind::Void }
+            }, false, expr_ty.lvalue };
         }
-        auto ptr_ty = dynamic_cast<types::PointerType*>(expr_ty.get());
-        return ptr_ty->m_inner;
+        auto ptr_ty = dynamic_cast<types::PointerType*>(expr_ty.type.get());
+        return { ptr_ty->m_inner, false, expr_ty.lvalue };
     }
 
     void IndexAccessExpression::typecheck_preprocess(typecheck::Scope& scope) {
         this->m_expr->typecheck_preprocess(scope);
     }
 
-    std::shared_ptr<types::Type> IndexAccessExpression::typecheck(
+    typecheck::ExpressionType IndexAccessExpression::typecheck(
         typecheck::State& state,
         typecheck::Scope& scope,
         std::optional<std::shared_ptr<types::Type>>
     ) {
         auto expr_ty = this->m_expr->typecheck(state, scope, {});
-        if (expr_ty->m_kind != types::TypeKind::Pointer && expr_ty->m_kind != types::TypeKind::Array) {
+        if (expr_ty.type->m_kind != types::TypeKind::Pointer && expr_ty.type->m_kind != types::TypeKind::Array) {
             state.errors.push_back(
-                CompileError("Tried to index " + expr_ty->formatted(), this->m_meta));
-            return std::shared_ptr<types::Type> {
-                new types::FundamentalType{ types::FundamentalTypeKind::Void }
-            };
+                CompileError("Tried to index " + expr_ty.type->formatted(), this->m_meta));
+            return { std::shared_ptr<types::Type> {
+                new types::FundamentalType{ false, types::FundamentalTypeKind::Void }
+            }, false, expr_ty.lvalue };
         }
-        if (expr_ty->m_kind == types::TypeKind::Pointer) {
-            auto ptr_ty = dynamic_cast<types::PointerType*>(expr_ty.get());
-            return ptr_ty->m_inner;
+        if (expr_ty.type->m_kind == types::TypeKind::Pointer) {
+            auto ptr_ty = dynamic_cast<types::PointerType*>(expr_ty.type.get());
+            return { ptr_ty->m_inner, false, expr_ty.lvalue };
         }
-        else if (expr_ty->m_kind == types::TypeKind::Array) {
-            auto ptr_ty = dynamic_cast<types::ArrayType*>(expr_ty.get());
-            return ptr_ty->m_inner;
+        else if (expr_ty.type->m_kind == types::TypeKind::Array) {
+            auto ptr_ty = dynamic_cast<types::ArrayType*>(expr_ty.type.get());
+            return { ptr_ty->m_inner, false, expr_ty.lvalue };
         }
 
         // Default return type
-        return std::shared_ptr<types::Type> {
-            new types::FundamentalType{ types::FundamentalTypeKind::Void }
-        };
+        return { std::shared_ptr<types::Type> {
+            new types::FundamentalType{ false, types::FundamentalTypeKind::Void }
+        }, false, expr_ty.lvalue };
     }
 
     void FieldAccessExpression::typecheck_preprocess(typecheck::Scope& scope) {
         this->m_expr->typecheck_preprocess(scope);
     }
 
-    std::shared_ptr<types::Type> FieldAccessExpression::typecheck(
+    typecheck::ExpressionType FieldAccessExpression::typecheck(
         typecheck::State& state,
         typecheck::Scope& scope,
         std::optional<std::shared_ptr<types::Type>>
     ) {
         auto expr_ty = this->m_expr->typecheck(state, scope, {});
-        if (expr_ty->m_kind != types::TypeKind::Struct) {
+        if (expr_ty.type->m_kind != types::TypeKind::Struct) {
             state.errors.push_back(
-                CompileError("Tried to access " + expr_ty->formatted() + "." + this->m_field, this->m_meta));
-            return std::shared_ptr<types::Type> {
-                new types::FundamentalType{ types::FundamentalTypeKind::Void }
-            };
+                CompileError("Tried to access " + expr_ty.type->formatted() + "." + this->m_field, this->m_meta));
+            return { std::shared_ptr<types::Type> {
+                new types::FundamentalType{ false, types::FundamentalTypeKind::Void }
+            }, false, expr_ty.lvalue };
         }
 
-        auto struct_ty = dynamic_cast<types::StructType*>(expr_ty.get());
+        auto struct_ty = dynamic_cast<types::StructType*>(expr_ty.type.get());
         if (struct_ty->m_fields) {
             for (auto& field : *struct_ty->m_fields) {
                 if (field.first == this->m_field) {
-                    return field.second;
+                    return { field.second, false, expr_ty.lvalue };
                 }
             }
             state.errors.push_back(CompileError("No such field", this->m_meta));
-            return std::shared_ptr<types::Type> {
-                new types::FundamentalType{ types::FundamentalTypeKind::Void }
-            };
+            return { std::shared_ptr<types::Type> {
+                new types::FundamentalType{ false, types::FundamentalTypeKind::Void }
+            }, false, expr_ty.lvalue };
         }
 
         state.errors.push_back(CompileError("Cannot access fields of opaque struct", this->m_meta));
-        return std::shared_ptr<types::Type> {
-            new types::FundamentalType{ types::FundamentalTypeKind::Void }
-        };
+        return { std::shared_ptr<types::Type> {
+            new types::FundamentalType{ false, types::FundamentalTypeKind::Void }
+        }, false, expr_ty.lvalue };
     }
 
     void ListInitializerExpression::typecheck_preprocess(typecheck::Scope& scope) {
@@ -432,7 +441,7 @@ namespace AST {
         }
     }
 
-    std::shared_ptr<types::Type> ListInitializerExpression::typecheck(
+    typecheck::ExpressionType ListInitializerExpression::typecheck(
         typecheck::State& state,
         typecheck::Scope& scope,
         std::optional<std::shared_ptr<types::Type>> expected_ty
@@ -441,7 +450,7 @@ namespace AST {
             if ((*expected_ty)->m_kind == types::TypeKind::Array) {
                 auto array_ty = dynamic_cast<types::ArrayType*>(expected_ty->get());
                 for (auto& expr : this->m_expressions) {
-                    auto expr_ty = expr->typecheck(state, scope, array_ty->m_inner);
+                    auto expr_ty = expr->typecheck(state, scope, array_ty->m_inner).type;
                     auto expr_res = check_type(state, expr_ty, array_ty->m_inner);
                     expr = handle_res(std::move(expr), expr_res, state);
                 }
@@ -449,7 +458,8 @@ namespace AST {
                 this->m_ty = std::shared_ptr<types::Type>{
                     new types::ArrayType{
                         array_ty->m_inner,
-                        static_cast<uint32_t>(this->m_expressions.size())
+                        static_cast<uint32_t>(this->m_expressions.size()),
+                        true
                     }
                 };
             }
@@ -461,40 +471,40 @@ namespace AST {
                         state.errors.push_back(CompileError(
                             "Too many initializer values for " + struct_ty->formatted(),
                             this->m_meta));
-                        return *expected_ty;
+                        return { *expected_ty, true, false };
                     }
 
                     for (int i = 0; i < static_cast<int>(this->m_expressions.size()); i++) {
                         auto expected_field = (*struct_ty->m_fields)[i];
-                        auto expr_ty = this->m_expressions[i]->typecheck(state, scope, expected_field.second);
+                        auto expr_ty = this->m_expressions[i]->typecheck(state, scope, expected_field.second).type;
                         auto res = check_type(state, expr_ty, expected_field.second);
                         this->m_expressions[i] = handle_res(std::move(this->m_expressions[i]), res, state);
                     }
 
                     this->m_ty = *expected_ty;
-                    return this->m_ty;
+                    return { this->m_ty, true, false };
                 }
                 else {
                     if (this->m_expressions.size() > 0) {
                         state.errors.push_back(CompileError(
                             "Too many initializer values for " + struct_ty->formatted(),
                             this->m_meta));
-                        return *expected_ty;
+                        return { *expected_ty, true, false };
                     }
                     else {
                         this->m_ty = *expected_ty;
-                        return this->m_ty;
+                        return { this->m_ty, true, false };
                     }
                 }
 
             }
             else {
-                return std::shared_ptr<types::Type> {
-                    new types::FundamentalType{ types::FundamentalTypeKind::Void }
-                };
+                return { std::shared_ptr<types::Type> {
+                    new types::FundamentalType{ false, types::FundamentalTypeKind::Void }
+                }, true, false };
             }
 
-            return this->m_ty;
+            return { this->m_ty, true, false };
         }
 
         // No expected ty, try to infer array type from elements
@@ -502,26 +512,28 @@ namespace AST {
         if (this->m_expressions.size() == 0) {
             this->m_ty = std::shared_ptr<types::Type>{
                 new types::ArrayType{
-                    std::make_shared<types::FundamentalType>(types::FundamentalTypeKind::Void),
-                    0
+                    std::make_shared<types::FundamentalType>(true, types::FundamentalTypeKind::Void),
+                    0,
+                    true
                 }
             };
-            return this->m_ty;
+            return { this->m_ty, true, false };
         }
         else {
-            auto first_expr_ty = this->m_expressions[0]->typecheck(state, scope, {});
+            auto first_expr_ty = this->m_expressions[0]->typecheck(state, scope, {}).type;
             for (int i = 1; i < static_cast<int>(this->m_expressions.size()); i++) {
-                auto expr_ty = this->m_expressions[i]->typecheck(state, scope, first_expr_ty);
+                auto expr_ty = this->m_expressions[i]->typecheck(state, scope, first_expr_ty).type;
                 auto expr_res = check_type(state, expr_ty, first_expr_ty);
                 this->m_expressions[i] = handle_res(std::move(this->m_expressions[i]), expr_res, state);
             }
             this->m_ty = std::shared_ptr<types::Type>{
                 new types::ArrayType{
                     first_expr_ty,
-                    static_cast<uint32_t>(this->m_expressions.size())
+                    static_cast<uint32_t>(this->m_expressions.size()),
+                    true
                 }
             };
-            return this->m_ty;
+            return { this->m_ty, true, false };
         }
     }
 
@@ -530,7 +542,7 @@ namespace AST {
     }
 
     void ReturnStatement::typecheck(typecheck::State& state, typecheck::Scope& scope) {
-        auto res_ty = this->m_expr->typecheck(state, scope, scope.return_ty);
+        auto res_ty = this->m_expr->typecheck(state, scope, scope.return_ty).type;
         if (scope.return_ty) {
             auto check_res = check_type(state, res_ty, *scope.return_ty);
             this->m_expr = handle_res(std::move(this->m_expr), check_res, state);
@@ -546,7 +558,12 @@ namespace AST {
     void InitializationStatement::typecheck(typecheck::State& state, typecheck::Scope& scope) {
         if (this->m_expr) {
             auto expr_ty = (*this->m_expr)->typecheck(state, scope, this->m_type);
-            auto check_res = check_type(state, expr_ty, this->m_type);
+            if (this->m_type->m_kind == types::TypeKind::Array && !expr_ty.array_initializer) {
+                state.errors.push_back(
+                    CompileError("Arrays can only be initialized with list-initializers or strings", this->m_meta)
+                );
+            }
+            auto check_res = check_type(state, expr_ty.type, this->m_type);
             this->m_expr = handle_res(std::move(*this->m_expr), check_res, state);
         }
         scope.symbols[this->m_name] = this->m_type;
@@ -569,8 +586,8 @@ namespace AST {
 
     void IfStatement::typecheck(typecheck::State& state, typecheck::Scope& scope) {
         auto bool_ty = std::shared_ptr<types::Type>{
-            new types::FundamentalType{ types::FundamentalTypeKind::Bool } };
-        auto expr_ty = this->m_condition->typecheck(state, scope, bool_ty);
+            new types::FundamentalType{ false, types::FundamentalTypeKind::Bool } };
+        auto expr_ty = this->m_condition->typecheck(state, scope, bool_ty).type;
 
         auto check_res = check_type(state, expr_ty, bool_ty);
         this->m_condition = handle_res(std::move(this->m_condition), check_res, state);
@@ -601,7 +618,7 @@ namespace AST {
             param_tys.push_back(param.second);
         }
 
-        auto function_ty = new types::FunctionType{ return_ty, param_tys, this->m_is_vararg };
+        auto function_ty = new types::FunctionType{ true, return_ty, param_tys, this->m_is_vararg };
         scope.symbols[this->m_name] = std::shared_ptr<types::Type>{ function_ty };
 
         typecheck::Scope inner{ scope };

src/typechecker.h

@@ -20,6 +20,12 @@ namespace typecheck {
         std::vector<types::CastDefinition> casts;
         std::vector<CompileError> errors;
     };
+
+    struct ExpressionType {
+        std::shared_ptr<types::Type> type;
+        bool array_initializer;
+        bool lvalue;
+    };
 }
 
 #endif

src/types.cpp

@@ -42,18 +42,27 @@ namespace types {
     }
 
     std::string FundamentalType::formatted() {
+        std::stringstream out{ "" };
+        if (this->m_const)
+            out << "const ";
         switch (this->m_ty) {
         case FundamentalTypeKind::Int:
-            return "Int";
+            out << "Int";
+            break;
         case FundamentalTypeKind::Bool:
-            return "Bool";
+            out << "Bool";
+            break;
         case FundamentalTypeKind::Char:
-            return "Char";
+            out << "Char";
+            break;
         case FundamentalTypeKind::Void:
-            return "Void";
+            out << "Void";
+            break;
         default:
-            return "Unknown";
+            out << "Unknown";
+            break;
         }
+        return out.str();
     }
 
     std::optional<std::shared_ptr<Type>> Type::return_type() {
@@ -96,6 +105,9 @@ namespace types {
 
     std::string FunctionType::formatted() {
         std::stringstream out{ "" };
+        if (this->m_const)
+            out << "const ";
+
         out << "(";
 
         int counter = 0;
@@ -131,6 +143,9 @@ namespace types {
     std::string PointerType::formatted() {
         std::stringstream out{ "" };
         out << this->m_inner->formatted() << "*";
+        if (this->m_const)
+            out << " const";
+
         return out.str();
     }
 
@@ -147,6 +162,7 @@ namespace types {
 
     std::string ArrayType::formatted() {
         std::stringstream out{ "" };
+        // Arrays are always constant, no reason to format it.
         out << this->m_inner->formatted();
         out << "[" << this->m_size << "]";
         return out.str();
@@ -163,6 +179,9 @@ namespace types {
 
     std::string StructType::formatted() {
         std::stringstream out{ "" };
+        if (this->m_const)
+            out << "const ";
+
         out << "struct(" << this->m_id << ")";
         if (this->m_is_ref)
             out << "(ref)";
@@ -202,22 +221,6 @@ namespace types {
         return size;
     }
 
-
-    // std::string StructRef::formatted() {
-    //     std::stringstream out{ "" };
-    //     out << "struct(ref) " << this->m_name;
-    //     return out.str();
-    // }
-
-    // std::pair<llvm::Value*, std::shared_ptr<Type>> StructRef::load(codegen::Builder&, llvm::Value* ptr, codegen::TypeMap&) {
-    //     auto self = std::make_shared<StructRef>(*this);
-    //     return std::pair(ptr, self);
-    // }
-
-    // uint32_t StructRef::size() {
-    //     return this->m_referred->size();
-    // }
-
     bool types_equal(std::shared_ptr<types::Type> type1, std::shared_ptr<types::Type> type2) {
         if (type1->m_kind != type2->m_kind)
             return false;

src/types.h

@@ -27,7 +27,9 @@ namespace types {
     class Type {
     public:
         TypeKind m_kind;
-        Type(TypeKind kind) : m_kind{ kind } {}
+        bool m_const;
+
+        Type(TypeKind kind, bool is_const) : m_kind{ kind }, m_const{ is_const } {}
         virtual ~Type() = default;
         virtual std::string formatted() = 0;
         virtual llvm::Type* codegen(codegen::Builder& builder, codegen::TypeMap& structs) = 0;
@@ -40,7 +42,7 @@ namespace types {
     class FundamentalType : public Type {
     public:
         FundamentalTypeKind m_ty;
-        FundamentalType(FundamentalTypeKind kind) : Type(TypeKind::Fundamental), m_ty{ kind } {}
+        FundamentalType(bool is_const, FundamentalTypeKind kind) : Type(TypeKind::Fundamental, is_const), m_ty{ kind } {}
         virtual ~FundamentalType() override = default;
         virtual std::string formatted() override;
         virtual llvm::Type* codegen(codegen::Builder& builder, codegen::TypeMap& structs) override;
@@ -55,8 +57,8 @@ namespace types {
         std::shared_ptr<Type> m_ret_ty;
         std::vector<std::shared_ptr<Type>> m_param_tys;
         bool m_vararg;
-        FunctionType(std::shared_ptr<Type> ret_ty, std::vector<std::shared_ptr<Type>> param_tys, bool vararg)
-            : Type(TypeKind::Function)
+        FunctionType(bool is_const, std::shared_ptr<Type> ret_ty, std::vector<std::shared_ptr<Type>> param_tys, bool vararg)
+            : Type(TypeKind::Function, is_const)
             , m_ret_ty{ std::move(ret_ty) }
             , m_param_tys{ std::move(param_tys) }
             , m_vararg{ vararg } {
@@ -73,8 +75,8 @@ namespace types {
     public:
         std::shared_ptr<Type> m_inner;
 
-        PointerType(std::shared_ptr<Type> inner)
-            : Type(TypeKind::Pointer), m_inner{ std::move(inner) } {
+        PointerType(bool is_const, std::shared_ptr<Type> inner)
+            : Type(TypeKind::Pointer, is_const), m_inner{ std::move(inner) } {
         }
         virtual ~PointerType() override = default;
         virtual std::string formatted() override;
@@ -87,9 +89,10 @@ namespace types {
     public:
         std::shared_ptr<Type> m_inner;
         uint32_t m_size;
+        bool m_raw;
 
-        ArrayType(std::shared_ptr<Type> inner, uint32_t size)
-            : Type(TypeKind::Array), m_inner{ std::move(inner) }, m_size{ size } {
+        ArrayType(std::shared_ptr<Type> inner, uint32_t size, bool raw)
+            : Type(TypeKind::Array, true), m_inner{ std::move(inner) }, m_size{ size }, m_raw{ raw } {
         }
         virtual ~ArrayType() override = default;
         virtual std::string formatted() override;
@@ -108,8 +111,8 @@ namespace types {
         bool m_is_def;
         uint32_t m_id;
 
-        StructType(std::optional<std::string> name, std::optional<std::vector<StructField>> fields, bool is_ref, bool is_def, uint32_t id)
-            : Type(TypeKind::Struct), m_name{ name }, m_fields{ fields }, m_is_ref{ is_ref }, m_is_def{ is_def }, m_id{ id } {
+        StructType(bool is_const, std::optional<std::string> name, std::optional<std::vector<StructField>> fields, bool is_ref, bool is_def, uint32_t id)
+            : Type(TypeKind::Struct, is_const), m_name{ name }, m_fields{ fields }, m_is_ref{ is_ref }, m_is_def{ is_def }, m_id{ id } {
         }
         virtual ~StructType() override = default;
         virtual std::string formatted() override;
@@ -118,21 +121,6 @@ namespace types {
         virtual uint32_t size() override;
     };
 
-    // class StructRef : public Type {
-    // public:
-    //     std::string m_name;
-    //     std::shared_ptr<types::Type> m_referred;
-
-    //     StructRef(std::string name, std::shared_ptr<types::Type> referred)
-    //         : Type(TypeKind::StructRef), m_name{ name }, m_referred{ referred } {
-    //     }
-    //     virtual ~StructRef() override = default;
-    //     virtual std::string formatted() override;
-    //     virtual llvm::Type* codegen(codegen::Builder& builder, codegen::TypeMap& structs) override;
-    //     virtual std::pair<llvm::Value*, std::shared_ptr<Type>> load(codegen::Builder& builder, llvm::Value* ptr, codegen::TypeMap& structs) override;
-    //     virtual uint32_t size() override;
-    // };
-
     bool types_equal(std::shared_ptr<types::Type> type1, std::shared_ptr<types::Type> type2);
 }
 

test.c

@@ -13,27 +13,35 @@ void change_first(char otus[5]) {
 
 struct Otus;
 
-void update(struct Otus potus) {
-    potus.field = 20;
-}
 struct Otus {
     int field;
 };
+void update(struct Otus potus) {
+    potus.field = 20;
+}
+
+void update_ptr(char* ptr) {
+    *ptr = 50;
+}
 
 int main() {
-    char text[29] = "10th fibonacci number is %d!";
+    char text[30] = "10th fibonacci number is %d!\n";
     printf(text, fibonacci(10));
 
     char somelist[5] = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 };
 
     change_first(somelist);
 
-    printf(" first element: %d!", somelist[0]);
+    printf("first element: %d!\n", somelist[0]);
 
     struct Otus otus = { 5 };
     update(otus);
 
-    printf(" first field: %d!", otus.field);
+    printf("first field: %d!\n", otus.field);
+
+    char hello = 10;
+    update_ptr(&hello);
+    printf("hello: %d!\n", hello);
 
     return 0;
 }